مدل‌سازی سینتیکی شش توده‌ای برای فرآیند شکست کاتالیستی گازوییل سنگین بر روی زئولیت Y با در نظر گرفتن غیرفعال شدن کاتالیست

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس دانشکده شیمی

2 تربیت مدرس- دانشکده مهندسی شیمی

چکیده

در این پژوهش، مدل سینتیکی توده‌ای گسسته شامل 6 توده برای توصیف شکست کاتالیستی گازوییل بر روی زئولیت Y ارائه شده است. خوراک و محصولات به 6 توده خوراک، نفت سفید، بنزین، گاز مایع، گاز خشک و کک تقسیم می‌شوند. از تابع غیرفعال ­شدن وابسته به زمان واکنش برای توصیف مکانیزم غیرفعال­ شدن استفاده می‌شود. اطلاعات تجربی برای به ­دست­ آوردن پارامترها در 5 دما بین 500 تا oC 600 و برای زمان ماند 60 تا s 120 به ­دست آمده است. مقدار انرژی فعال‌سازی، در محدوده kJ mol-1 85-35 است و برای واکنش‌های اولیه نسبت به واکنش‌های ثانویه کمتر است. با افزایش دمای واکنش از °C 500 تا °C 650 در زمان واکنش min 240، پیشرفت واکنش‌های ثانویه تولید کک افزایش یافته و تابع غیرفعال­ شدن از 955/0 تا مقدار 735/0 کاهش می‌یابد و پس از گذشت min 300 به‌ترتیب به 0.892 و 0.466 می‌رسد. به‌عبارتی، در دمای بالاتر کاتالیست سریع‌تر غیرفعال می ­شود. همچنین، تحلیل نتایج حاصله در شرایط عملیاتی مختلف برای توزیع محصولات نشان می‌دهد که دمای متوسط °C 550 و زمان ماند s 60 برای تولید بنزین و نفت سفید بهینه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Six-lumped kinetic model for catalytic cracking of heavy gas oil over zeolite Y; considering deactivation catalyst

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ramin Karimzadeh 1
  • zahra nargessi 2
1 Tarbiat Modares University
2 Department of chemical engineering, university of Tarbiat Modares
چکیده [English]

In this study, a six-lump kinetic model is proposed for describing the catalytic cracking of gas oil over Y zeolite. The feedstock and products were classified into six discrete lumps, including feed, kerosene, gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas, dry gas, and coke. A time-on-stream exponential function was used to describe the deactivation mechanism. Experimental data for 5 temperatures between 500-600 °C and residence time of 60-120 s were applied for the estimation of kinetic parameters. The estimated activation energies were in the range of 40–85 kJ.mol−1, the preliminary reactions exhibited lower apparent activation energies than secondary reactions. By increasing the reaction temperature from 500 ° C to 650 ° C at the reaction time of 240 min, the progress of the secondary reactions of coke production increases, and the deactivation function decreases from 0.955 to 0.735, After 300 min it reached 0.892 and 0.466, respectively. This means that at higher temperatures, the catalyst deactivation occurred faster. Analyzing the results for the distribution of products under different operating conditions showed that a temperature of 550 ° C and a residence time of 60 to 80 s are optimal for the production of gasoline and kerosene.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Catalytic cracking
  • heavy gasoil
  • Zeolite Y
  • kinetic
  • lumping model
  1. Y. M. John, M. A. Mustafa, R. Patel, and I. M. Mujtaba, “Parameter estimation of a six-lump kinetic model of an industrial fluid catalytic cracking unit,” Fuel, 235, 2019, pp. 1436-1454.
  2. T. Kaminski and M. M. Husein, “Kinetic modelling of thermal cracking of Arabian atmospheric and vacuum residue,” Fuel Process. Technol., 189, 2019, pp. 89-97.
  3. R. Sahu, B. J. Song, J. S. Im, Y.-P. Jeon, and C. W. Lee, “A review of recent advances in catalytic hydrocracking of heavy residues,” J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 27, 2015, pp. 12-24.
  4. S. Sun, F. Meng, and H. Yan, “A new lumping kinetic model for fluid catalytic cracking,” Pet. Sci. Technol., 36, No. 23, 2018, pp. 1951-1957.
  5. N. Rahimi and R. Karimzadeh, “Catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons over modified ZSM-5 zeolites to produce light olefins: A review,” Appl. Catal. A Gen., 398, No. 1-2, 2011, pp. 1-17.
  6. M. A. Fahim, T. A. Al-Sahhaf, and A. Elkilani, Fundamentals of petroleum refining, Elsevier Science, 2009.
  7. E. Aghaei, R. Karimzadeh, H. R. Godini, A. Gurlo, and O. Gorke, “Improving the physicochemical properties of Y zeolite for catalytic cracking of heavy oil via sequential steam-alkali-acid treatments,” Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 294, 2020, pp. 109854-109869.
  8. T. Komatsu, “Catalytic cracking of paraffins on zeolite catalysts for the production of light olefins,” 20th Annual Saudi-Japan Symposium, Saudia Arabia, 2010.
  9. X. Meng, C. Xu, J. Gao, and L. Li, “Catalytic pyrolysis of heavy oils: 8-lump kinetic model,” Appl. Catal. A Gen., 301, No. 1, 2006, pp. 32-38.
  10. Y. Schuurman, “Aspects of kinetic modeling of fixed bed reactors,” Catal. Today, 138, No. 1–2, 2008, pp. 15–20.
  11. S. D. S. Asaee, L. Vafajoo, and F. Khorasheh, “A new approach to estimate parameters of a lumped kinetic model for hydroconversion of heavy residue,” Fuel, 134, 2014, pp. 343–353.
  12. [G. Zong, H. Ning, H. Jiang, and F. Ouyang, “The lumping kinetic model for the heavy oil catalytic cracking MIP process,” Pet. Sci. Technol., 28, No. 17, 2010, pp. 1778-1787.
  13. L. P. de Oliveira, D. Hudebine, D. Guillaume, and J. J. Verstraete, “A review of kinetic modeling methodologies for complex processes,” Oil Gas Sci. Technol. d’IFP Energies Nouv., 71, No. 3, 2016, pp. 45-94.
  14. L. Wang, B. Yang, and Z. Wang, “Lumps and kinetics for the secondary reactions in catalytically cracked gasoline,” Chem. Eng. J., 109, No. 1-3, 2005, pp. 1-9.
  15. X. Meng, C. Xu, J. Gao, and L. Li, “Catalytic pyrolysis of heavy oils : 8-lump kinetic model,” Applied Catalysis A, 301, 2006, pp. 32–38.
  16. S. Sadighi, A. Ahmad, and S. R. S. Mohaddecy, “6-Lump kinetic model for a commercial vacuum gas oil hydrocracker,” Int. J. Chem. React. Eng., 8, No. 1, Article A1, 2010.
  17. R. Zhang, L. Li, Z. Liu, and X. Meng, “Nine-Lump Kinetic Study of Catalytic Pyrolysis of Gas Oils Derived from Canadian Synthetic Crude Oil,”International Journal of Chemical Engineering, Article ID 9148925, 2016.
  18. A. G. Sani, H. A. Ebrahim, and M. J. Azarhoosh, “8-Lump kinetic model for fl uid catalytic cracking with ole fi n detailed distribution study,” Fuel, 225, 2018, pp. 322–335.
  19. S. Oruji, R. Khoshbin, and R. Karimzadeh, “Preparation of hierarchical structure of Y zeolite with ultrasonic-assisted alkaline treatment method used in catalytic cracking of middle distillate cut: The effect of irradiation time,” Fuel Process. Technol., 176, 2018, pp. 283-295.
  20. K. Xiong, C. Lu, Z. Wang, and X. Gao, “Kinetic study of catalytic cracking of heavy oil over an in-situ crystallized FCC catalyst,” FUEL, 142, 2015, pp. 65-72.
  21. J. W. Chen and H. C. Cao, Catalytic Cracking Technology and Engineering, China Petrochemical Press, Beijing, China, pp. 885-887, 2005.