گازسازی سوخت نفتی سنگین در یک گازساز جریان حامل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مهندسی هوافضا-پیشرانش، دانشگاه خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی

2 دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران-دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک

3 مهندسی هوافضا، دانشگاه خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی

چکیده

این مقاله به بررسی گازسازی مازوت پالایشگاه تهران با عامل گازکننده هوا می‌پردازد. در ابتدا گازسازی مازوت با رویکرد ترمودینامیکی تعادلی مدل‌سازی شده و سپس به صورت تجربی، عملکرد دمایی یک گازساز جریان‌حامل مطالعه شده است. بدین منظور یک مجموعه گازسازی سوخت نفتی سنگین با ظرفیت 7 کیلوگرم بر ساعت طراحی و ساخته شد. مشخصات فیزیکی-شیمیایی این سوخت نفتی سنگین از طریق آزمایشگاهی تعیین گردید. در یک مطالعه پارامتریک به کمک مدل تعادلی در نرم‌افزار Aspen plus برای شرایط پایدار، اثر نسبت هم‌ارزی بر شاخص‌های عملکردی در گازسازی شامل ترکیبات گاز سنتزی، ارزش حرارتی و دمای گازسازی بررسی شد. توزیع درجه حرارت درون گازساز و مصرف کربن جامد سوخت نفتی سنگین، عوامل موثری در تولید گاز سنتزی و عملکرد بهینه گازسازی می‌باشند. در مطالعه تجربی، دمای گازسازی در نقاط مختلف گازساز اندازه‌گیری شده است. نتایج مدل‌سازی نشان می‌دهند که مقادیر CO، H2 و HHV در نسبت هم‌ارزی برابر 39/0 بیشینه بوده که منطبق با مصرف کامل کربن جامد است. با افزایش نسبت هم‌ارزی، دمای گازسازی زیاد شده که این منطبق بر نتایج تجربی نیز می‌باشد. مقایسه نتایج مدل‌سازی و تجربی نشان می‌دهد که ضمن هماهنگی روند تغییرات دمای گازسازی، اختلاف دماهای تجربی و مدل‌سازی با افزایش نسبت هم‌ارزی کاسته می‌شود؛ همچنین پس از یک فاصله کوتاه از نوک انژکتور، درجه حرارت در طول گازساز با نرخ ثابتی کاهش می‌یابد. در نهایت، به منظور عملکرد بهینه گازسازی سوخت نفتی سنگین، یک تناسب بین طول گازساز و نسبت هم‌ارزی بر اساس پیشرفت یکی از واکنش‌های اساسی در گازسازی ارائه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Gasification of a heavy fuel oil in an entrained flow gasifier

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamidreza FarshiFasih 1
  • Hojat Ghasseim 2
  • Hasan Karimi MazraeShahi 3
1 Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology
2 School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology
3 Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology
چکیده [English]

In this paper, air gasification of Tehran’s refinery Mazut is investigated. First, Mazut gasification is modeled by the equilibrium method and then, the thermal operating of an entrained flow gasifier is studied experimentally. An entrained flow gasifier is designed and manufactured for 7 kg/h flow rate of heavy fuel oil. The physical/chemical properties of this heavy fuel oil are determined via standard laboratory experiments. In Aspen plus, a parametric study is conducted by the equilibrium model in order to investigate the effects of equivalence ratio on syngas composition, gasification temperature, and higher heating value for the steady-state condition. Temperature distribution along the gasifier and the solid carbon consumption are effective parameters on syngas composition and gasification performance. In an experiment, the gasification temperature is measured at different locations of a gasifier. The modeling results show that the values of H2, CO, and HHV have a maximum which is accompanied with complete consumption of solid carbon at equivalence ratio 0.39. By increasing equivalence ratio, gasification temperature increases which are supported by experimental results. The comparison of modeling and experimental result shows that difference between model and experimental temperature increases by increasing equivalence ratio. Also, after a short distance from the injector, the temperature is decreased along the gasifier with a constant rate. Finally, in order to provide the optimum gasification operation, the proportion between an appropriate gasifier length and operating equivalence ratio is presented based on one of the gasification reaction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • heavy fuel oil
  • equivalence ratio
  • temperature distribution
  • syngas composition
  • gasifier length

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 تیر 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 22 مرداد 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 شهریور 1398

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