Fuel and Combustion

Fuel and Combustion

Effect of Waste and Bleaching Earth oil Derived Biodiesel on Diesel Engine Performance and Emissions

Authors
Navid Porvosogi 1
AliMohammad Nikbakht 1
Samad JafarMadar 2
Meysam Tabatabei 3
Seyed Amir Hosesein Goli 4
Ali Akbar Habibnia 5
Mohsen Pakzad 5
1 Department of Agricultural Machinery Mechanics, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Energy Conversion Mechanics Group, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Department of Microbial Biotechnology and Biosafety, Biofuels Research Team
4 College of Agriculture, Department of Food Science and Technology, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
5 Iran Khodro Diesel Company, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
In recent years many researchers have done studies about biodiesel as alternative fuel and renewable diesel fuel and its impact on the performance of compression ignition engines and their pollutions. The application of biodiesel has been limited due to its higher cost compared with petroleum-based diesel. Biodiesel is produced from biological sources such as vegetable oil and animal fat. Nowadays, researchers attempt to find low cost and non-edible resources for biodiesel production. In the current investigation, spent bleaching earth oil biodiesel (SBE) is obtained from spent bleaching earth oil that is Which is a by-product of corn oil refining process. The obtained biodiesel (SBE) sample and waste cooking oil biodiesel (WCO) were evaluated and compared with diesel fuel. The results for engine performance in maximum torque and engine speed of 1600 rpm, both biodiesel fuels decreased the soot emission with % 12.5 and increased the NOx with % 6.4 compared with diesel fuel. In the maximum engine speed (i.e. 2800 rpm), SBE biodiesel had positive effect on specific fuel consumption comparing to diesel and shows lower specific fuel consumption comparing to diesel at full load. On the other hand, brake thermal efficiency was approximately % 3.6 improved relative to diesel fuel.

Highlights

سوخت بیودیزل SBE و WCO با واکنش ترانس استریفیکاسیون، در حضور متانول و پتاسیم هیدروکسید به­عنوان کاتالیزور، در راکتور همزن­دار تولید شد و مشخصه‏های عملکرد و آلایندگی آن‌ها همراه با دیزل مورد مطالعه آزمایشگاهی قرار گرفت. آزمون موتور با ترکیب 5 درصد بیودیزل در سوخت دیزل معمولی انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که ترکیب 5 درصد حجمی بیودیزل SBE با دیزل از لحاظ عملکرد مناسب است. این سوخت در دور بیشینه rpm 2800 تأثیر مثبتی روی bsfc داشت و بازده حرارتی را به میزان 6/3 درصد در مقایسه با دیزل افزایش داد. در دور rpm 1600 و گشتاور بیشینه، بیودیزل SBE باعث کاهش انتشار دوده نسبت به دیزل در موتور می‏شود و افزایش ناچیزی در آلاینده NOx مشاهده می‏شود و درنهایت می‏توان نتیجه گرفت که بیودیزل روغن خاک رنگبر و ترکیبات آن با سوخت دیزل معمولی می‏تواند، بدون نیاز به تغییر و اصلاح موتور، به­عنوان سوخت جایگزین دیزل استفاده شود.

Keywords
Bleaching earth oil
Biodiesel
Waste cooking oil
Engine performance characteristics
Engine emissions
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