Fuel and Combustion

Fuel and Combustion

Thermodynamic Performance Analysis of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Micro Gas Turbine Hybrid Cycle in a CHP System

Authors
Jamasb pirkandi
Majid Ghasemi
Mohammad Hosein Hamedi
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
The purpose of this article is thermodynamic analysis of a hybrid system to provide simultaneous electrical and thermal energy. In this paper, a hybrid system of solid oxide fuel cell and micro gas turbine is investigated with all accessories and then, thermodynamic analysis for all components of the cycle is done. Also, an electrochemical analysis is separately performed for the fuel cell. Then, with parametric study for the mentioned hybrid system, the effect of cell temperature, working pressure and air to fuel flow ratio on efficiency, power, and entropy generation in the hybrid system are studied. Finally, a case for optimum performance is presented. The results indicate increased efficiency of hybrid system with increasing cell temperature and working pressure (up to 80 percent). Determining the optimum air to fuel flow ratio and the full calculations of fuel cell at three separate parts (reforming, electrochemical, thermal) are the other items presented in this study.
Keywords
Solid oxide fuel cell
Micro gas turbine
Hybrid system
CHP
1.     M. C. Williams, Fuel cell handbook, EG&G Technical Services, Inc., West Virginia, 2004.
2.     J. Brouwer, “Hybrid Gas Turbine Fuel Cell Systems,” National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California, See also URL http://www.nfcrc.uci.edu.
3.     S. P. Harvey and H. J. Richter, “Gas Turbine Cycles with Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Part I and II,” Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 116, 1994, pp. 305-318.
4.     G. Lee and f. Sudhoff, “Fuel Cell/Gas Turbine System Performance Studies,” Fuel Cells ‘96 Review Meeting, Morgantown, West Virginia, August 20-21, 1996, DOE/METC/C-97/7278.
5.     J. Chaney, R. Tharp, W. Wolf, A. Fuller and J. Hartvigson, “Fuel Cell/Micro Turbine Combined Cycle,” Final Report, McDermott Technology, Inc. Alliance, 1999.
6.     A. F. Massardo and F. Lubelli, “Internal Reforming Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Gas Turbine Combined Cycles (IRSOFC-GT): Part I-Cell Model and Cycle Thermodynamic Analysis,” Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 122, 2000, pp. 27-35.
7.     N. F. Bessette and J. F. Pierre, “Status of Siemens Westinghouse Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology and Development Program,” Proceedings of the 2000 Fuel Cell Seminar, Courtesy Associates, November 2000.
8.     S. C. Singhal, “Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells,” Journal of Solid State Ionic, 135, 2000, pp.305-313.
9.     H. Ide and et al., “Natural Gas Reformed Fuell Cell Power Generation System-a Comparison of Three System Efficiencies,” 24th Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, Washington,DC, pp. 1571-1522, 1989.
10.  P. Costamagna, L. Magistri and A.F. Massardo, “Design and Part-Load Performance of a Hybrid System Based on a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Reactor and a Micro Gas Turbine,” Journal of Power Sources, 96, No. 2, 2001, pp. 352-368.
11.  J. Palsson, “Thermodynamic Modeling and Performance of Combined Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine System,” Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Heat and Power Engineering, Lund University of Sweden, 2002.   
12.  A. Selimovic, “Modeling of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Applied to the Analysis of Integrated Systems with Gas Turbines,” Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Heat and Power Engineering, Lund University of Sweden, 2002.
13.  J. Palsson, A. Selimovic and L. Sjunnesson, “Combined Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Systems for Efficient Power and Heat Generation,” Journal of Power Sources, 86, 2000, pp. 442-448.
14.  S. H. Chan, H. K. Ho and Y. Tian, “Modelling of Simple Hybrid Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Power Plant,” Journal of Power Sources, 109, No. 1, pp. 111-120, 2002.
15.  H. Uechi, S. Kimijima and N. Kasagi, “Cycle Analysis of Gas Turbine-Fuel Cell Cycle Hybrid micro Generation System,” Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 126, 2004, pp.755-762.
16.  K. Rajashekara, “Hybrid Fuel Cell Strategies for Clean Power Generation,” IEEE Transactions on industry applications, 41, No. 3, 2005, pp. 682-689.
17.  S. Motahar and A. A. Alamrajabi, “Exergy Based Performance Analysis of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Steam Injected Gas Turbine Hybrid Power System,” International journal of hydrogen, 34, 2009, pp. 2396-2407.
18.  T. W. Song and et al., “Performance Analysis of a Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cell/Micro Gas Turbine Hybrid Power System Based on a Quasi-Two Dimensional Model,” Journal of Power Sources, 142, 2005, pp. 30-42.
19.  W. H. Lai and et al., “Experimental Simulation on the Integration of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Micro-Turbine Generation System,” Journal of Power Sources, 171, 2007, pp. 130-139.
20.  Y. Haseli, I. Dincer and G. F. Naterer, “Thermodynamic Modeling of a Gas Turbine Cycle Combined with a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell,” Journal of Hydrogen energy, 33, 2008, pp. 5811-5822.
21.  D. Cocco and V. Tola, “Externally Reformed Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Micro-Gas Turbine (SOFC-MGT) Hybrid Systems Fueled by Methanol and Di-Methyl-Ether (DME),” Journal of energy, 34, 2009, pp. 2124-2130.
22.  Y. Komatsu and S. Kimijima, “Performance Analysis for the Part-Load Operation of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Micro Gas Turbine Hybrid System,” Journal of energy, 35, 2010, pp. 982-988.
23.  P. Ghanbari Bavarsad, “Energy and Exergy Analysis of Internal Reforming Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Gas Turbine Hybrid System,” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 32, No. 17, 2007, pp. 4591-4599.
24.  A. Volkan Akkaya, “Electrochemical Model for Performance Analysis of a Tubular SOFC,” International Journal of Energy Research, 31, 2007, pp.79-98.
25.  M. Ghasemi and et al., “Parametric Study of the Tubular SOFC Power Cycle with a Thermodynamic Model,” ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition: IMECE 2007, USA, Washington, Seattle, 2007.
26.  J. A. Ciesar, “Hybrid Systems Development by the Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation,” Presented by Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation, Natural Gas/Renewable Energy Hybrids Workshop, August 2001.