مطالعه عددی مخاطرات تشعشعِ آتش استخری در مخازن بزرگ مقیاس ذخیره مشتقات نفتی در حالت بدون باد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک

3 تربیت مدرس مهندسی مکانیک

10.22034/jfnc.2024.428954.1366

چکیده

مطالعه اثر تشعشع در پدیده آتش استخری مخازن سوخت، با توجه به خسارت جانی و مالی وارده به نفرات و تأسیسات یک مجتمع پالایشگاهی، بسیار حائز اهمیت است. ازاین‌رو در مطالعه حاضر، میزان تشعشع حاصل از آتش استخری سه سوخت متداول بنزین، کروزن و نفت خام در سه مخزن بزرگ ذخیره‌سازی سوخت در قطرهای 25، 50 و 75 متر و ارتفاع ثابت 15 متر به صورت عددی مطالعه شد. در این مطالعه از نرم‌افزار FDS استفاده شد که بر پایه رویکرد تفاضل محدود بوده که به روش صریح حل می‌شود. همچنین به‌عنوان نوآوری میزان تشعشع در ارتفاع 1/5، 3 و 5 متر جهت بررسی میزان خطرات وارده بر انسان و آتش ­نشانانِ حاضر در ماشین ­آلاتِ اطفای حریق و در ارتفاع 10 متر جهت بررسی اثر تشعشع بر سایر مخازن مجاور، در فواصل افقی گوناگون مطالعه شد. نتایج اخذشده نشان می‌دهد زمانی که سوخت بنزین باشد، بیشترین خطر تشعشع در فاصله مابین جداره مخزن تا 1/7 قطر مخزن بوده و همچنین حداقل فاصله مجاز جهت قرارگیری در محدوده ایمن در فاصله 2/6قطر مخزن است که با افزایش ارتفاع از سطح زمین میزان تشعشع نیز افزایش می‌یابد. همچنین مشاهده شد که تشعشع دریافتی در فاصله یکسان از مخازن با قطر مشابه، با توجه به نوع سوخت متفاوت بوده که با نرخ آزادسازی حرارت ارتباط مستقیم دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Numerical study of pool fire radiation hazards in large-scale petroleum derivatives storage tanks in windless condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ghassem Heidarinejad 1
  • Mohammadreza Eftekhari 2
  • Mohammad Safarzadeh 2
  • Mohammad Zabetian Targhi 3
1 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University
2 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering. Tarbiat Modares University
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The study of the radiation effects of the pool fire is significant considering the life and financial damages to individuals and facilities of a refinery complex. Therefore, in the present study, the radiation resulting from a pool fire of three common fuels, gasoline, kerosene, and crude oil, in three large fuel storage tanks with diameters of 25, 50, and 75 meters and a fixed height of 15 meters was studied numerically. In this study, FDS software was used, which is based on the finite difference approach with an explicit time discretization. As an innovation, the amount of radiation at a height of 1.5, 3, and 5 meters were studied in order to investigate the level of dangers to humans and firefighters of fire extinguishing machines, and at a height of 10 meters to investigate the effect of radiation on other nearby tanks, at different horizontal distances. The results indicate that when the fuel is gasoline, the highest radiation risk is between the tank wall and 1.7 times the tank diameter, and the minimum allowable distance for the safe zone is 2.6 times the tank diameter, which increases with increasing height above ground level. It was also observed that the radiation received at the same distance from tanks with similar diameters differed depending on the fuel, which has a direct relationship with the heat release rate.
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کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Radiation hazards
  • Pool fire
  • Computational fluid dynamics
  • Fuel storage tanks
  • FDS software
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