The Optimization of Surfactants Use to Produce Biodiesel-Diesel-Water Emulsion and Nano-Emulsion Fuels

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Tarbiat Modares University

محمد عبداللهی1، برات قبادیان2 و غلامحسن نجفی3

References

  1. X. Jinlin, T. E. Grift and A. C. Hansen, “Effect of Biodiesel on Engine Performances and Emissions,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15, No. 2, 2011, pp. 1098-1116.
  2. S. Jiafeng, J. A. Caton and T. J. Jacobs, “Oxides of Nitrogen Emissions from Biodiesel-Fuelled Diesel Engines,” Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 36, No. 6, 2010, pp. 677-695.
  3. A. Alahmer, et al., “Engine Performance using Emulsified Diesel Fuel,” Energy Conversion and Management, 51, No.8, 2010, pp. 1708-1713.
  4. A. MA. and A. R. Kulchitskiy,, “Influence of the Structure of Water-in-Fuel Emulsion on Diesel Engine Performance,” Fuel, 116, 2014, pp. 703-708.
  5. H. Watanabe, et al., “An Experimental Investigation of the Breakup Characteristics of Secondary Atomization of Emulsified Fuel Droplet,” Energy, 35, No. 2, 2010, pp. 806-813.
  6. B. K. Debnath, S. Niranjan, and K. S. Ujjwal “Adjusting the Operating Characteristics to Improve the Performance of an Emulsified Palm Oil Methyl Ester Run Diesel Engine,” Energy Conversion and Management, 69, 2013, pp. 191-198.
  7. A. Maiboom, and T. Xavier, “NOx and PM Emissions Reduction on an Automotive HSDI Diesel Engine with Water-in-Diesel Emulsion and EGR: An Experimental Study,” Fuel, 90, No. 11, 2011, pp. 3179-3192.
  8. Z. Şahin, T. Mustafa, and D. Orhan, “Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Water Adding to the Intake Air on the Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions in a DI Automotive Diesel Engine,” Fuel, 115, 2014, pp. 884-895.
  9. B. K. Debnath, K. S. Ujjwal, and S. Niranjan, “A Comprehensive Review on the Application of Emulsions as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engines,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 42, 2015, pp. 196-211.
  10. K. Yahaya, Mohammed, et al., “Current Trends in Water-in-Diesel Emulsion as a Fuel,” The Scientific World Journal, 20, 2014, pp. 1-15.
  11. A. M. Al-Sabagh, “The Relevance HLB of Surfactants on the Stability of Asphalt Emulsion,” Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 204, No.1, 2002, pp. 73-83.
  12. A. B. Koc, and A. Mudhafar, “Performance and NOx Emissions of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Biodiesel-Diesel-Water Nanoemulsions,” Fuel Processing Technology, 109, 2013, pp. 70-77.
  13. H. Raheman, and K. Sweeti, “Combustion Characteristics and Emissions of a Compression Ignition Engine using Emulsified Jatropha Biodiesel Blend,” Biosystems Engineering, 123, 2014, pp. 29-39.
  14. http://www.hielscher.com/400s_p.htm, Accessed 4 November 2015.
  15. http://profilab24.com/Hielscher-UP400S-Powerful-Sonication-of-Larger-Samples, Accessed 6 November 2015.
  16. F., Zhisheng, et al., “Stabilization of Water-in-Octane Nano-Emulsion. Part I: Stabilized by mixed surfactant systems,” Fuel, 89, No. 10, 2010, pp. 2838-2843.
  17. L., Cherng-Yuan and H. Lin, “Effects of NOx-Inhibitor Agent on Fuel Properties of Three-Phase Biodiesel Emulsions,” Fuel Processing Technology, 89, No. 11, 2008, pp. 1237-1242.
  18. M. N. El-Din, S. H. El-Hamouly, H. M. Mohamed, M. R. Mishrif and A. M. Ragab, “Water-in-Diesel Fuel Nanoemulsions: Preparation, Stability and Physical Properties,” Egyptian Journal of Petroleum, 22, No. 4, 2013, pp. 517-530.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 15 June 2016
  • Revise Date: 08 March 2017
  • Accept Date: 16 April 2017

Share

How to cite

Statistics