بررسی اثرات زیست محیطی تولید بیواتانول از ضایعات سیب زمینی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

2 گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری- ساری ایران

3 استاد مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

4 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

نگرانی از افزایش آلودگی محیط زیست و افزایش گازهای گلخانه‌ای، حاصل از استفاده سوخت‌های فسیلی، محققان را به سمت استفاده از انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر سوق داده است. در پژوهش حاضر به بررسی اثرات زیست محیطی تولید سوخت بیواتانول از ضایعات سیب‌زمینی از مرحله کشاورزی تا مرحله تولید بیواتانول (خردکردن و له‌کردن و تولید مالت، هیدرولیز آنزیمی، تخمیر و آبگیری) پرداخته شد. بررسی زیست‌محیطی داده‌های بدست آمده با استفاده از روش ارزیابی چرخه حیات در قالب 15 گروه تاثیر و 4 شاخص نهایی انجام شد و تابع کارکردی آن تولید یک کیلوگرم بیواتانول در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج بدست آمده از گروه‌های تاثیر در دو مرحله کشاورزی و تولید بیواتانول نشان داد که مرحله کشاورزی در تمامی گروه‌های تاثیر به جز گروه تاثیر سرطان‌زایی، مقادیر بالاتری نسبت به مراحل تولید بیواتانول در کارگاه (تولید مالت، هیدرولیز، تخمیر و آبگیری) دارد. همچنین، نتایج نشان داد بالاترین سهم در ایجاد گروه‌های تاثیر مختلف مربوط به مصرف انرژی الکتریسیته، فولاد، ماشین‌های کشاورزی، نیتروژن، فسفات و انتشار آلاینده‌های مستقیم از سطح مزرعه و کارگاه است. مقایسه بین شاخص‌های نهایی مختلف نشان می‌دهد که شاخص سلامتی انسان‌ها به ازای تولید یک کیلوگرم سوخت بیواتانول 9/90 برابر نسبت به کیفیت اکوسیستم، 1/28 برابر نسبت به تغییرات اقلیم و 1/48 برابر نسبت به منابع دارای اثرات مخرب زیست‌محیطی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of environmental impact of bioethanol production from potato waste

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Motevali 1
  • MIlad Teymori-Omran 2
  • برات قبادیان 3
  • gholamhassan najafi 4
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biological System, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biological System, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
3 - Department of Biosystem Engineering, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
4 Mechanics of biosystem engineering, Tarbiat Modares University
چکیده [English]

Concerns about increasing environmental pollution and increasing greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels have led researchers to use renewable energy. In this research, the environmental impacts of bioethanol production from potato waste were investigated from the agricultural stage to the production stage of bioethanol (crushing and malt production, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation and dehydration). Investigation of environmental impact of the data collection was done using a life cycle assessment method in the form of 15 impact groups and 4 final indicators, and its functional unit was considered to produce 1 kg of bioethanol. The results obtained from the impact groups in two stages of agriculture and bioethanol production showed that the agricultural stage in all the affected groups except the carcinogenicity group had higher values than the stages of bioethanol production (malt production, hydrolysis, fermentation and dewatering). Also the results showed that the highest contribution to creating different impact groups is related to energy consumption of electricity, steel, agricultural machinery, nitrogen, phosphate and direct emission of pollutants from the field and manufactory. The comparison between different environmental endpoints indicator shows that the human health index is 9.90 times higher than ecosystem quality, 1.28 times higher than climate change and 1.48 times higher than that of resources with destructive effects on bioethanol fuel production.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental Impact
  • Bioethanol
  • Potato waste
  • Life cycle assessment

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 29 خرداد 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 مرداد 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 شهریور 1398

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